I、 with复合结构作状语
With + 名词 + 介词短语
(1)他头枕在胳膊上睡了。
He was asleep with his head on his arm. 作伴随状语
(2)这人手里拿了一个鞭子进来了。
The man came in with a whip in his hand. 作伴随状语
在书面语中。上句也可以说成:The man came in, whip in hand.
2、with + 名词 + 形容词 (强调名词的特性或状态)
(1)天气这么闷热,十之八九要下雨。
With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it 'll rain presently. 作原因状语
(2)他过去常常窗子开着睡觉。
He used to sleep with the windows open. 作伴随状语
3、 With + 名词 + 副词
(1)约翰走了,我们的地方大了一些
With John away, we have got more room. 作原因状语
(2)所有的灯都亮着,广场看上去比以往更漂亮了
The square looks more beautiful than ever with all the lights on. 作原因状语
4、 With + 名词 + -ed 分词 (强调名词是 -ed分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生)
(1) 随着这个问题的解决,新霉素一号现在已正式生产。
With this problem solved, neopenicillin 1 is now in regular production. (作时间状语)
(2)把手机关机,你就可以进入教室上课。
You can attend the class with your cellphone powered off. (作条件状语)
5、 with + 名词 + -ing分词(强调名词是 -ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作,状态正在进行)
(1)妈妈生病了,我不去度假了。
I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. (作原因状语)
(2)整个班上的学生盯着他看,他感到更不安了。
He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him.(作原因状语)
6、 with + 名词 + to do (不定式动作尚未发生)
(1)由于下午无事可做,我就去书店转了转。
So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. (作原因状语)
(2)由于这么多碗没洗, 我不能出去。
I can't go out with all these dishes to wash. (作原因状语)
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