在英语自然拼读法中,了解基本规则是入门的首要步骤。以下是简单且基本的规则与小窍门:
1. **辅音与字母对应**
- **b**: ball
- **d**: dog
- **f**: fish
- **h**: hat
- **j**: jump
- **k**: kite
- **l**: leg
- **m**: man
- **n**: not
- **p**: pen
- **q**: quick (注意q与u总是连在一起)
- **r**: run
- **s**: sun
- **t**: ten
- **v**: vest
- **w**: water
- **z**: zoo
注意:q总是与u结合使用。
2. **多音辅音**
- **c**: cat, cap, call, coat, cup (硬c音)
- **city, ice, rice, face, cell, cent, voice, pencil, juice** (软c音)
- **ocean, racial, social** (硬c音在e或i前)
- **girl, gas, get, give, go** (硬g音)
- **age, change, ginger, Egypt, gentle, giraffe, badge** (软g音)
- **forget, give, girl** (硬g音特例)
**x** 的发音:
- **box, next, mix, six, fox** (ks音)
- **exit, exam, exact** (gz音)
- **xylophone, xerox** (z音)
**y** 的发音:
- **yes, you, yard, year, yell** (作为辅音)
- **结尾y发长/i/音**
- **结尾y发长/e/音**
- **中间y发短/i/音**
**小测试**:my, cry, fly, sky
3. **辅音字母组合**
- **bl** black,blame, bless, blue, blast
- **cl** clock,class, clap, clue, close
- **fl** flag,fly, flat, flash, flower
- **gl** glass,glad, glide, glue, globe
- **pl** plate,plane, place, plus, plan
- **sl** sled,sleep, slow, slide, slim
每个组合是作为一个整体看待的,不能在音节划分时分开。
4. **复合字母构成的单音**
- **ch(tch)**: chair,check,shoe,shop
- **sh**: fish,rash, brush, wish, trash
- **wh**: when,what,whale,who,whole
- **th**: they, them-, their, theirs, the, this, that, these, those, then-,than, though, thus, there-(注意特定使用规则)
**不发音的辅音字母**:
- **gh**: ghost,ghetto, ghastly
- **gn**: gnat,gnarl, gnaw, gnome, sign
- **kn**: knife,knit, know, knock, knee
- **mb**: comb, lamb,thumb, dumb, climb
- **pn**: pneumonia
- **ps**: psalm,psychic, psychology
- **rh**: rhinoceros,rhyme, rhythm
- **sc**: scissors,scent, scene, scenery, scenario
- **wr**: wrong,wrist, wrap, wretch, wrench
复杂的发音规则需要一定记忆和练习,找到适合自己的学习方法,英语学习将变得事半功倍。记住,没有捷径可走,但方法总比困难多。
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