被动语态句子成分:主语+被动式谓语+宾语补足语。
几种不同形式的被动语态
1、含有直接宾语和间接宾语的主动结构,变为被动结构时,可以将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动,一般是主动结构的间接宾语变为被动结构的主语,这样句子显得自然一些。
I was shown his pictures by him.
2、含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句的方法。
①将宾语变为主语,宾语补足语保留不动。
They call her little Li.She is called little Li.
②make, let, hear, watch, see, feel, have, notice, help等动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式一般不带to,可是当变为被动语态时,后面的不定式必须带to。
My brother often made me do this and that when I was young.
③含有情态动词的被动语态,是由“情态动词+be+(及物动词的)过去分词”构成。如:
They can not find him.
④短语动词的被动语态
一般说来,只有及物动词才有被动语态,因为只有及物动词才可能有动作的承受者。但有许多由不及物动词加介词及其他词类构成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,可以有宾语。
因而也可以有被动语态。但应注意,短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。
They had put out the fire before the fire brigade arrived.
扩展资料
主动语态变被动语态的方法:
1)把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2)把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词,时态要与原句保持一致。
3)把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语,放在被动语态里谓语动词之后,by 短语可以省略。
My aunt invited me to her dinner party.
→I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.
我被(我阿姨)邀请到她的晚宴。
The school set up a special class to help poor readers.
→A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.
在学校,一个帮助贫困阅读者的特殊的班级被建立。
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