Before until 区别

① 如果主句（或简单句）中的谓语动词为延续性动词的肯定式，用until或before均可，但在意义上有一定的差别。如：

She lived in the houseuntil he came back. 她在那所房子里一直住到他回来。（强调“到此为止”）

She lived in thehouse before he came back. 在他回来之前，她一直住在那所房子里。（强调“在……之前”）

② 如果主句（或简单句）中的谓语动词为非延续性动词的否定式，用until或before均可，且意义上没有差别。如：

The moon will notcome out until / before the clouds disappear. 云散了月亮才会出现。

不同方面：

① 如果主句（或简单句）中的谓语动词为非延续性动词的肯定式，只能用before，不可用until。如：

He can come herebefore sunset. 在日落之前他能来这。

② 如果主句（或简单句）中的谓语动词为延续性动词的否定式，多用before，一般不用until。如：

He has not doneanything before she comes. 在她来之前，他什么也没做。

③ 在It wasn't until... that 强调结构中不用before。如：

It wasn't until thismorning that I heard the news. 直到今天早上我才听到这个消息。

列情况下宜用before不用until.

1.主句为肯定式，谓语为终止性动词时只用before.

For example:

1). He fell asleep before I could take off his clothes.

2). We arrived there before it started to rain.

3). The holiday came to an end before I knew it.

4). He almost knocked me down before he saw me.

2.主句谓语动词强调动作的迟缓性，只用before,这时常伴有时间段状语或时间段暗示。

For example:

It was quite a long time before he found the elephant.过了很长时间，他才找到大象。

We had walked a long way before we found some water.走了很长的路我们才找到水。

We had sailed for two days before we saw the land.航行了两天我们才发现陆地。

It was midnight before my brother came home.我哥哥直到半夜才回来。

3.如果强调从句谓语动作未发生就发生主句谓语动作，只用before,这时常译为“未及（不等）……就……”

For example:

1）We can leave early in the morning before it gets too hot.趁天还不太热，我们上午早点离开。

2）I must write it down before I forget it.趁我还未忘，我必须把它记下来。

4.表示“与其说……倒不如……”,“与其……毋宁……”的意思时只用before.

For example:

I would give up my job before

I agree to be dismissed.我与其被解雇还不如先辞职。

He will die of hunger before

he steals.他宁愿饿死也不愿意去偷。

5．在某些特定句型中用before。

It was (not) long before…（不久）过了很长时间才…

It will (not) be long before…（不到）要过很长时间才会…

For example:

.It will probably not be long before

they understand each other.

他们大概过不久就会互相了解。

It was not long before

the whole country rose up.

不久全国人民奋起反抗。

三.下列情况一般使用until

1。主句是持续性谓语动词时，肯定,否定都可以，但意义完全不同，肯定表示动作终止，而否定表示动作开始。

For example:

1). We discussed the problem until/before he came back.

我们一直讨论到他回来。

2). We didn’t discuss the problem until

he came back.

我们一直等到他回来才讨论问题。

2．Not…until…句型尽管在某些情况下可与before互换使用，但在强调句中一般仍用until;

1). It was not until

he told me that I knew it.直到他告诉我我才知道这件事。

2）.It was not until he finished his homework that he went home.直到完成作业他才回家。

3）放于句首时用until.

For example:

Antil he finished his homework ，he didn’t go home. 直到完成作业他才回家。

应注意：在使用not until时，若not until放于句首，句子应部分倒装。 For example:

Not until he

finished his homework，did he go home. 直到完成作业他才回家

二、until与before的区别

　　1.可直接换用的情况:在until能使用的句型中,即主句含有否定式终止性谓语动词或肯定式延续性动词,可与before直接替换,意义差别不大。如:

　　①The students won't go home until / before they finish their homework.学生们要先完成作业才能回家。

　　②The woman worked in the factory until/before 1990. 1990年以前这妇女在这家工厂上班。

　　2.不可换用的情况:当主句含有肯定式终止性谓语动词时,只能用before不能用until,且before常意为"没来得及……"或"……才……"等。如:

　　③Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.爱因斯坦差不多将我撞倒才看见了我。

　　④He had measured me before I could get in a word.我还没来得及插话,他就把我的尺寸量好了。

　　三、not until的倒装与强调结构

　　1.当Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装。其结构为:Not until+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语+...。如:

　　①Not untilthe teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。

　　②Not untilnext week will the sports meet be held.直到下周才开运动会。

　　2. not until的强调结构为:It is / was not until+从句/表时间的词+that+...。上面两句改为强调句为:

　　③It was not untilthe teacher came in that the students stopped talking.

　　④It is not untilnext week that the sports meet will be held.

2.stay...for 有这种用法，stay there for a short time,课文中就有，=go there for a short stay

3.我也不太明白，抱歉了

4 return to 没这种用法，因为returned= go back to

5 有hope to do sth 但没有hope sb to do sth ,只有hope+句子,hope sb will /can do sth

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