语文和英语两门学科都是关于语言学习的,在掌握文章主旨的方法上有许多相同和相通之处.但尽管如此,不是每个学生都能顺利地进行知识迁移,用我们的母语经验去帮助掌握英文文章的主旨.本文将列举五个典型案例来探究如何掌握英文文章的主旨常用的方法.关键词：知识迁移 ,母语经验, 英文文章的主旨, 常用方法 在阅读任何一篇英文短文时,第一件要思考的事就是了解文章大意.英文短文有明显的特点,那就是每一自然段的开头或结尾句就是该段的主题句.可以说,绝大多数学生都知道这一特点,却依旧无法准确的理解文章主旨.为什么?因为了解这一特点仅仅是掌握文章主旨的初始阶段,如何能将主题句有机地联系在一起才是知识迁移的关键阶段——即用语文学科中掌握主旨的知识去指导掌握英文文章主旨. 方法1：重视第一自然段的作用.第一自然段主要有两个作用：第一：抛砖引玉,引出下文；第二：总括全文,即文章主旨段落. 例题一、2006年高考题重庆卷阅读C篇When a Swedish ship that sank in 1628 was recovered from the port of Stockholm, historians and scientists were overjoyed with the chance to examine the remains of the past. The ship construction showed how ships were built and operated during the seventeenth century. In this way, artifacts ,objects made by human beings, provided a picture of daily life almost 400 years ago.

Underwaterarchaeology-the study of ships, aircraft and human settlements that have sunk under large bodies of water-is really a product of the last 50 years. The rapid growth of this new area of study has occurred because of the invention of better diving equipment .Besides the Swedish ship wreck(残骸）,underwater archaeologists have made more exciting discoveries such as the 5000-year-old boats in the Mediterranean Sea.

Underwater archaeology can provide facts abut the past. In ancient ports all over the world are ships sunken in the past 6,000 years. There are also sunken settlements in seas and lakes telling of peoples way of life and their systems of trade in ancient times. Underwater archaeologists want to study these objects to add to the world's knowledge of history, but they have to fight two enemies. One enemy is treasure hunters who dive for ancient artifacts that they can sell to collectors. Once sold, these objects are lost to experts. The second enemy is dredging machines(挖掘机）often used to repair ports. These machines destroy wrecks and artifacts or bury them deeper under sand and mud. By teaching the public about the importance of underwater “museums” of the past, archaeologists are hoping to get support for laws to protect underwater treasures. 全文共三段,第一自然段讲了发现了一艘1628的沉船,历史学家和科学家们欢呼雀跃有机会了解过去的遗迹

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