一、be动词做系动词

当be动词做系动词使用时，主要构成“系动词+表语”的结构。表语可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等。表语是描述主语性质、状态或特征的词，举例如下：

The man is a science teacher. (主语是人，表语是科学教师)

Mary's new dresses are colorful. (新裙子是色彩鲜艳的)

Mother is in the kitchen. (妈妈在厨房)

I have been there. (我曾经去过那里)

They shall be here at 10:00. (他们将在10点到这儿)

That can't be true. (那不可能是真的)

You are not being very nice to me. (你对我不太好)

Your brother is being very annoying this evening. (你哥哥今晚很烦人)

二、be动词的一般疑问句

一般疑问句通过将be动词移至句首形成，例如：

Is the man a science teacher? (这个人是科学老师吗？)

Are Mary's new dresses colourful? (新裙子是彩色的吗？)

Was mother in the kitchen then? (那时妈妈在厨房吗？)

Were you at home the day before yesterday? (前天你在家吗？)

Was she late this morning? (她今天早上迟到了吗？)

三、be动词用在特殊疑问句

特殊疑问句以疑问词开头，be动词移到主语前面，例如：

Whose bike is broken? (谁的自行车坏了？)

Who was singing in the room? (谁在房间里唱歌？)

Where are you from? (你来自哪里？)

What class were you in? (你以前在哪个班？)

How old is Tom? (汤姆多大了？)

四、be动词的否定句

否定句在be动词后加not，可以缩写，例如：

It is not sunny today. (今天天气不晴朗)

Tom and his friends are not in the library. (汤姆和他的朋友们不在图书馆)

You were not nine years old when I went to the cinema. (我去看电影时你不是九岁)

He was not often late for his class when he was a student. (他还是学生时上课不常迟到)

I wasn't here last night. (我昨晚没在这儿)

My parents weren't at home last night. (我父母昨晚没在家)

五、be动词的祈使句

be动词的祈使句分为肯定和否定两种形式。肯定句直接以be动词开头，否定句或强调句形，要在be动词前加don't或do，例如：

Be careful! (请小心)

Be a good boy! (做一个好男孩)

Don't be silly! (不要胡闹)

Don't be a fool! (别自作聪明)

Do be obedient! (请遵守规则)

六、be动词做助动词

be动词作为助动词有两个基本用法：一是与谓语动词结合构成各种时态，二是构成被动语态。例如：

Tony's maid is washing his new clothes. (女仆正在洗他的新衣服)

The children are playing in the garden. (孩子们正在花园里玩耍)

Samuel was eating when I came home. (我回家时他正在吃饭)

We have been living here since last year. (我们去年搬来这里住)

This time next day they will be sitting in the park. (再过一天，他们将坐在公园里)

七、注意事项

英语句子中，为了表达时态或被动语态，be动词可能与其他助动词一起使用。这时，句子的一般疑问句和否定句以第一个助动词为主变化，即以哪个助动词在先，就以它为主进行变化。例如：

[肯定句] All the wonderful birds can be found in our Bird Park.

[疑问句] Can all the wonderful birds be found in our Bird Park?

[否定句] All the wonderful birds can not be found in our Bird Park.

八、实义be

be动词可以视为实义动词，因为它具有实际意义，如成为、做、发生、举行、逗留、到达等。例如：

His daughter wants to be a doctor. (她女儿想成为兽医)

will be at half past six this evening. (今晚六点半会在这)

more than two years, but he has not yet been to Europe. (已超过两年，但他还没去过欧洲)

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