请看下面一道题：

Not far from the school there was a garden, its owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon. A. its B. whose C. which D. that

【分析】此题很容易误选B，许多同学会认为句中逗号后是一个非限制性的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语修饰其后的名词 owner。此分析从表面上看，似乎天衣无缝，但实质上是错的，原因是空格后根本不是一个句子，因为没有谓语。尽管句中有两个动词，但它们都是非谓语动词。也许有的同学认为，其中的 seated 可视为谓语动词，但是注意，seat 用作动词时，它总是及物的，其后要么接宾语，要么它就用于被动语态，所以若在 seated 前加上助动词 is，则可以选择B（当然若将 seated 改为sitting，也应选择A）。所以此题最佳答案选A。

请再看一个类似的例子：

(1) He wrote a lot of novels, many of them translated into foreign languages. A. it B. them C. which D. that

(2) He wrote a lot of novels, many of which were translated into foreign languages. A. it B. them C. which D. that

第(1)应选B，而不能选C，是因为句中的 translated 是过去分词(非谓语动词)，若选C，则该从句无谓语；第(2)应选C，该句是典型的非限制性定语从句，因为该句修饰的是前面的novels，即指物，所以只能用which做of的宾语，故本题选C。

再请看下面一例：

(3) He wrote a lot of novels, and many of them were translated into foreign languages. A. it B. them C. which D. that

【分析】此题与上面的第(2)题不同，两句间多了一个并列连词and，说明这是一个并列句，故应选B，则不能选C。

请做做以下三题(答案均为B)：

(1) There I met several people, two of them being foreigners.（独立主格结构）A. which B. them C. whom D. that

(2) There I met several people, two of which were foreigners. （非限制性定语从句）A. which B. whom C. who D. that

(3) There I met several people, and two of them were foreigners.（两个句子）A. which B. them C. whom D. that

(4)There being nothing more to do,Mr.Goodman left for home.（独立主格结构）A. was B. being C. to be D. had being

扩展资料

独立主格结构（Independent Genitive）由两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。

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