瞬间动词又叫做结束性动词(是一个概念的不同叫法:)~~
瞬间动词,也叫终止性、结束性动词。表示动作的结果,或表示短暂性、一次性的动作。如:close,
leave,
buy,
join,
become,
begin,
fall(掉下),fall
ill(病倒),get
to(know),
come,
go,
see,
hear,
hear
from,
catch
a
cold等。这类动词可以用于完成时,但在一般情况下,不能加上表示一段时间的状语或疑问词,
但是在否定句中,瞬间动词也可以和表示一段时间的状语、连词连用,它的含义是好长时间没进行这个动作了,没进行此动作的状态就可以延续。如:
i
haven't
heard
from
my
parents
for
a
long
time.
我有好长时间没收到父母来信了。
he
hasn't
left
home
for
a
week.
他有一个星期没出门了
浅谈终止性动词和延续性动词
延续性动词:
live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach,eat,drink,write,dance,
sing,smoke
瞬间性动词:
open,stop,like,love,die,win,close,shot,begin,start
enter,finish
1、终止性动词:表示不能延续的动作,即动作发生后立即结束。如:begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,dic,finish,go,leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,sell,start,stop等。
终止性动词的肯定式是不能持续的,所以不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,而终止性的否定式就可以和表一段时间的状语连用,因为否定本身就是可以延续的。
如:have
a
cold是持续性动词,表示“状态”,可与表延续性的时间状语连用,不定冠词不能省略。
i′ve
had
a
cold
since
my
arrival(到达
n.).
i
didn′t
go
to
school
because
i
had
had
a
bad
cold
for
days.
catch
a
cold是短暂性动作,表“动态”:它不能和延续性时间状语连用,不定冠词“a”可有可无,catch可用take,get代替。
put
on
your
coat,or
you′ll
catch/take/get
a
cold.
take
care
not
to
get
cold.
但是,若cold前有形容词修饰时,则不定冠词不能省。
如:brown
has
taken
a
slight
cold.
注意下列句子:
i
have
caught
a
cold
for
over
a
week.(×)
i
have
had
a
cold
for
over
a
week.()
2、延续性动词:表示可以延续一段时间的动作或状态。如:be,drink,fly,eat,keep,lie,live,rain等。
延续性动词常不能和表示一个短暂具体的时间状语连用;这类动词如用于进行时态,则可以和表示一个短暂具体的时刻连用。
he
worked
at
eight
yesterday
afternoon.(×)
he
was
working
at
eight
yesterday
afternoon.()
3、代替终止性动词的方法
a)用延续性动词代替终止性动词
1、用have代替buy
my
brother
has
had(不能用has
bought)
this
bike
for
almost
four
years.
2、用keep或have代替borrow
i
have
kept(不能用have
borrowed)
the
book
for
quite
a
few
days.
3、用be替代become
how
long
has
your
sister
been
a
teacher?
4、用have
a
cold代替catch
a
cold
tom
has
had
a
cold
since
the
day
before
yesterday.
5、用wear代替put
on
b)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词
1、be+married代marry
2、be+ill代fall
(get)
ill
3、be+dead代die
4、be+asleep代fall
(get)
asleep
5、be+awake代wake/wake
up
6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave
7、be+open代open
8、be
closed代close/shut
9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose
c)用“be+副词”代终止性动词
1“be+on”代start,begin
2“be+up”代get
up
3“be+back(to)”代return
to,come
back
to,go
back
to
4“be
here
(there)”代come(arrive,reach,get)
here或go
(arrive,reach,get)
there等等
d)用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词
1.“be
in/at
+地点”代替go
to
/come
to
2.用be
in
the
army
代替join
the
army
3.“be
in/at
+地点”代替move
to
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